La 'Machine Infernale'
Details
Lors de la mise à feu, cinq canons ne fonctionnent pas ; trois autres explosent, occasionnant de graves lésions à la tête de Fieschi. Le roi sort indemne de l’attentat mais dix-neuf personnes, dont un maréchal d’Empire (Mortier), perdent la vie sur le coup ou dans les jours suivants. Quarante-deux autres personnes sont blessées.
Fieschi a agi sans motivations politiques nettes, contrairement à ses complices Pépin et Morey, l’un comme l’autre républicains. Condamnés tous trois pour régicide, ils sont guillotinés en février 1836.
Louis-Philippe est victime de nombreuses tentatives d’assassinat pendant toute la durée de son règne ; la tentative de juillet 1835 se singularise néanmoins par son caractère spectaculaire et par le nombre élevé des victimes.
Les lois septembre 1835 sont le signe de l’accentuation du virage répressif face aux attaques contre le régime et le gouvernement. Elles sont adoptées en réponse, entre autres, à l’attentat de Fieschi.
Transcription
The "infernal machine" consisted of twenty-five rifle barrels arranged on an inclined plate and bound together by an iron band. These guns were loaded with shot, lead ingots and scrap metal. The device was put into action by Giuseppe Fieschi on July 28, 1835, on the Boulevard du Temple when Fieschi attempted to kill King Louis-Philippe I during a review celebrating the "Three Glorious Days” of 1830. When fired, five of the guns failed; three others exploded, causing Fieschi serious head injuries. The king survived the attack unscathed but nineteen people, including a Marshal of the Empire (Mortier), lost their lives on the spot or in the days that followed. Forty-two other people were injured. Fieschi acted without clear political motives, in contrast to his accomplices Pepin and Morey, who were both Republicans. All three were found guilty of regicide and were guillotined in February 1836. Louis-Philippe was the victim of numerous assassination attempts throughout his reign; the attempt of July 1835 is nevertheless distinctive for its spectacular character and the high number of casualties. The laws of September 1835 signal of the accentuation of the repressive response to the attacks on the regime and the government and in particular to Fieschi’s desperate machine.